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Indenture records matching "Alakarai"

34 records

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34 matches — scanned Natal, Mauritius, Fiji, Guyana, Trinidad + Sri Lanka registers

From sourceIII

Venkatrayalu

Father: Rajagopala Naidu

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMZINTO XXXVII
Year1905
OriginThanjavur
VillageVadakarai
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No113607

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceGLDC

VENKATRAYALU

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 113607 | Father: RAJAGOPALA NAIDU | Sex: M | Caste: Naiker | District: TANJORE

ShipUmzinto XXXVII
Year1905
OriginTANJORE
VillageVALAKARAI
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No113607
ArrivalJun 1905 Umzinto XXXVII Madras
EmployerBentley, E.T. Umgeni Durban Other

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceIII

Anthoniyamma

Father: Thambusawmy

Listed in the III archive.

ShipCHENAB
Year1914
OriginTiruchirappalli
VillagePalakarai
DestinationSouth Africa

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Abdul Rahiman

Father: Madar Saib

Listed in the III archive.

ShipGANGES
Year1913
OriginTiruchirappalli
VillagePalakarai
DestinationSouth Africa

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Subben

Father: Varaden

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMZINTO I
Year1892
OriginChengalpattu
VillageValakarai
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No50739

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Parvathan

Father: Kola Pillai

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMLAZI VII
Year1897
OriginMadurai
VillageMilakaranai
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No69231

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceGLDC

SUBBEN

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 50739 | Father: VARADEN | Sex: M | Caste: Paria | District: CHINGLEPUT

ShipUmzinto I
Year1892
OriginCHINGLEPUT
VillageVALLAKARAI
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No50739
ArrivalSep 1892 Umzinto I Madras
EmployerLa Mercy Estate La Mercy Verulam Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceIII

Perianayagam

Father: Arokiam

Listed in the III archive.

ShipSUTLEJ
Year1913
OriginTiruchirappalli
VillagePalakarai
DestinationSouth Africa

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Subbiah

Father: Varappen

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMLAZI VII
Year1897
OriginMadurai
VillageMilakaranai
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No69232

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Dorasami

Father: Varappen

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMLAZI VII
Year1897
OriginMadurai
VillageMilakaranai
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No69233

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Thambusawmy

Father: Maria Susai

Listed in the III archive.

ShipCHENAB
Year1914
OriginTiruchirappalli
VillagePalakarai
DestinationSouth Africa

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Tirath

Father: Gajapatinagaram

Listed in the III archive.

ShipMUTLAH
Year1915
OriginChittoor
VillagePEDDARAMAPURAM
DestinationSouth Africa

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceGLDC

PARVATHAN

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 69231 | Father: KOLA PILLAI | Sex: M | Caste: Padachy | District: MADURA

ShipUmlazi VII
Year1897
OriginMADURA
VillageMALAKARAY
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No69231
ArrivalNov 1897 Umlazi VII Madras
EmployerButtery, T. Springfield, Umgeni Durban Other

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

SUBBIAH

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 69232 | Father: VARAPPEN | Sex: B | Caste: Padachy | District: MADURA

ShipUmlazi VII
Year1897
OriginMADURA
VillageMALAKARAY
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No69232
ArrivalNov 1897 Umlazi VII Madras
EmployerButtery, T. Springfield, Umgeni Durban Other

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

DORASAMI

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 69233 | Father: VARAPPEN | Sex: B | Caste: Padachy | District: MADURA

ShipUmlazi VII
Year1897
OriginMADURA
VillageMALAKARAY
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No69233
ArrivalNov 1897 Umlazi VII Madras
EmployerButtery, T. Springfield, Umgeni Durban Other

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

KALIAPPA GOUNDEN

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 57743 | Father: RAMIAH GOUNDEN | Sex: M | Caste: Vellala | District: COIMBATORE

ShipCongella XVIII
Year1895
OriginCOIMBATORE
VillagePALAKARAI
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No57743
ArrivalMar 1895 Congella XVIII Madras
EmployerProspect Hall Estate Umgeni Durban Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceIII

Jabamani

Father: Thambusawmy

Listed in the III archive.

ShipCHENAB
Year1914
OriginTiruchirappalli
VillagePalakarai
DestinationSouth Africa

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceGLDC

RAMASAMY KONAR

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 148482 | Father: MUKKA KONAR | Sex: M | Caste: Konar | District: TRICHINOPOLY

ShipUmfuli XV
Year1911
OriginTRICHINOPOLY
VillagePALAKARAI
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No148482
ArrivalApr 1911 Umfuli XV Madras
EmployerJackson, Charles The Grange Verulam Other

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceIII

Ramasami

Father: Rangasami

Listed in the III archive.

ShipFULTALA
Year1906
OriginTiruchirappalli
VillagePARAIKALAM
DestinationSouth Africa

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceGLDC

SADAYEN

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 96451 | Father: VIRAPERUMAL | Sex: M | Caste: Vannia | District: TRICHINOPOLY

ShipUMZINTO XXIX
Year1902
OriginTRICHINOPOLY
VillagePALAKARAI
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No96451
ArrivalDec 1902 UMZINTO XXIX Madras
EmployerNatal Estates Ltd. Mt. Edgecombe Verulam Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceIII

Sadayen

Father: Viraperumal

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMZINTO XXIX
Year1902
OriginTiruchirappalli
VillageAlagarai
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No96451

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceGLDC

MUTHSAMY

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 80326 | Father: KANDAPPAN | Sex: M | Caste: Ediya | District: TRICHINOPOLY

ShipUmkuzi IV
Year1900
OriginTRICHINOPOLY
VillagePALAKARAY
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No80326
ArrivalAug 1900 Umkuzi IV Madras
EmployerNatal Government Railways Inc.Railw Service

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

RAMSAMY

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 80327 | Father: KANDAPPEN | Sex: M | Caste: Ediya | District: TRICHINOPOLY

ShipUmkuzi IV
Year1900
OriginTRICHINOPOLY
VillagePALAKARAY
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No80327
ArrivalAug 1900 Umkuzi IV Madras
EmployerNatal Government Railways Inc.Railw Service

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceIII

Muthsamy

Father: Kandappan

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMKUZI IV
Year1900
OriginTiruchirappalli
VillagePalakayur
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No80326

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Ramsamy

Father: Kandappen

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMKUZI IV
Year1900
OriginTiruchirappalli
VillagePalakayur
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No80327

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Kaliappa Gounden

Father: Ramiah Gounden

Listed in the III archive.

ShipCONGELLA XVIII
Year1895
OriginCoimbatore
VillageKappalankarai
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No57743

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Ramasamy Konar

Father: Mukka Konar

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMFULI XV
Year1884
OriginTiruchirappalli
VillageAlagarai
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No148482

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Chinnian

Father: Venkataram Naik

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMTATA I
Year1890
OriginCoimbatore
VillageKappalankarai
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No41051

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceGLDC

CHINNIAN

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 41051 | Father: VENKATARAM NAIK | Sex: M | Caste: Kannadum | District: COIMBATORE | INVALID - PHTHISIS

ShipUmtata I
Year1890
OriginCOIMBATORE
VillagePALAKARAISTRI
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No41051
ArrivalApr 1890 Umtata I Madras
EmployerAddington Sugar Estate Stanger Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceIII

Singari Nadioo

Father: Veeraragavo Naidu

Listed in the III archive.

ShipWARDHA
Year1905
OriginTiruchirappalli
VillagePinnavasal Agraharam
DestinationSouth Africa

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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Understanding Tamil Indenture Records (1834-1920)

What Are Tamil Indenture Records?

Tamil indenture records are historical documents from 1834-1920 that tracked Indian laborers who migrated to British, French, and Dutch colonies under contract (indenture) labor systems. After the abolition of slavery in 1833, colonial plantations needed workers — over 1.5 million Indians, including approximately 500,000 Tamils, migrated as indentured laborers to sugar estates, tea plantations, and infrastructure projects across the world.

These records include ship manifests, immigration passes, arrival registers, and employment contracts. They typically contain the migrant's name, father's name, age, caste, village of origin (often in Tamil Nadu), physical description, ship name, departure port, arrival date, and destination.

Major Destinations for Tamil Migrants

Mauritius (1834-1910)

241,000+ recordsvia III (Indentured Immigration Index)

Largest Tamil diaspora destination. Ships departed from Madras and Pondicherry every 2-3 weeks during peak migration (1860-1890). Voyage duration: 6-8 weeks.

Fiji (1879-1916)

12,000+ recordsvia Girmitiya Madras

Tamil migrants from Madras Presidency. "Girmitiya" (from English "agreement") refers to indentured laborers. Voyage: 8-10 weeks via Colombo.

South Africa – Natal (1860-1911)

152,000+ recordsvia GLDC (Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre)

Natal sugar estates. The Truro (1860) — the first indentured ship — departed from Madras. Voyage: 10-12 weeks via Cape of Good Hope.

United Kingdom — passenger lists (1890-1960)

6,000+ recordsvia TNA (The National Archives, Kew)

UK outward passenger lists (Board of Trade BT 26/27) — ships leaving British ports for India and the colonies. Catalogue-level: useful for provenance, not per-person names.

Suriname (1873-1916)

Archives in progress

Dutch Guiana plantations. Tamil migrants via British India. Ships departed Madras and Calcutta. Voyage: 8-10 weeks.

Origin Ports and Ship Routes

Madras (Chennai) — Primary Departure Port

The vast majority of Tamil migrants departed from Madras Harbor. Recruitment centers (depots) operated in Madras city where migrants underwent medical examination, received travel documents (immigration pass), and boarded ships. Common routes: Madras → Mauritius (6-8 weeks), Madras → Fiji (8-10 weeks via Colombo), Madras → Guyana/Trinidad (10-12 weeks via Cape of Good Hope).

Pondicherry (Puducherry) — French Territory

French colonial port serving migrants to French colonies (Reunion, Guadeloupe, Martinique) and some British destinations. Smaller volume than Madras but significant for southern Tamil Nadu districts (Tanjore, Tiruchirapalli).

Notable Ships in Tamil Indenture Migration

Hundreds of ships transported Tamil migrants between 1834-1920. Major vessels include:

Truro

Madras → Guyana (1860s), Natal

Sheila

Madras → Mauritius (1850s-70s)

Hesperus

Madras → Mauritius & Caribbean

Atlas

Madras → Fiji & Mauritius

British Empire

Madras → Natal, South Africa

Ganges

Multiple routes from Madras

Main

Madras → Trinidad (1870s-90s)

Syria

Madras → Mauritius & Réunion

Fath Al Salem

Early ship to Trinidad (1840s-50s)

Ship manifests list each passenger with detailed information, making them invaluable genealogical sources. Search by ship name above if you know your ancestor's vessel.

What Information Do Indenture Records Contain?

Typical fields in Tamil indenture records:

Full name of migrant

Often transliterated from Tamil

Father's name (patronymic)

Critical for Tamil identification

Age at departure

Usually 18-35 years old

Caste / community

E.g., Pariah, Vellala, Naidu

Village of origin

District and taluk when recorded

Physical description

Height, marks, complexion

Ship name

Vessel that transported them

Indenture/pass number

Unique identifier

Departure & arrival dates

Exact dates when recorded

Destination & estate

Colony and employer assignment

Family relationships

If migrating with spouse/children

Note: The level of detail varies by colonial archive, time period, and record type. Earlier records (1840s-1860s) tend to have less information than later ones (1880s-1920).

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