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Showing 50 of 95 matches — scanned Natal, Mauritius, Fiji, Guyana, Trinidad + Sri Lanka registers

From sourceGLDC

PONNUSAMY GN

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 142972 | Father: MURUGAPPA GN | Sex: M | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli XIII
Year1910
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No142972
ArrivalMay 1910 Umfuli XIII Madras
EmployerGoble, Robert Evelyn Upper Barwon Tongaat Other

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

CHINNA THOYAMMA

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 142973 | Father: VARATHAPPA GN | Sex: F | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli XIII
Year1910
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No142973
ArrivalMay 1910 Umfuli XIII Madras
EmployerGoble, Robert Evelyn Upper Barwon Tongaat Other

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

THOPASAMY MUDALY

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 143548 | Father: AROOMOOGA MUDLY | Sex: M | Caste: Agamadia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmhloti V
Year1910
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No143548
ArrivalJun 1910 Umhloti V Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

MUNISAMY MAISTRY

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 143839 | Father: KISTAPPA MAISTRY | Sex: M | Caste: Dhoby | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmhloti V
Year1910
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No143839
ArrivalJun 1910 Umhloti V Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

MUNIYAMMA

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 143840 | Father: BODIGADU | Sex: F | Caste: Dhoby | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmhloti V
Year1910
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No143840
ArrivalJun 1910 Umhloti V Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

KUPPU

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 143841 | Father: MUNSAMY MAISTRY | Sex: G | Caste: Dhoby | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmhloti V
Year1910
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No143841
ArrivalJun 1910 Umhloti V Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

KRISHNAN

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 143842 | Father: MUNSAMY MAISTRY | Sex: B | Caste: Dhoby | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmhloti V
Year1910
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No143842
ArrivalJun 1910 Umhloti V Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

MUNIYAMMA

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 143843 | Father: MUNSAMY MAISTRY | Sex: G | Caste: Dhoby | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmhloti V
Year1910
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No143843
ArrivalJun 1910 Umhloti V Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

KUPPU NAIDU

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 140641 | Father: PERUMAL NAIDU | Sex: M | Caste: Ediga | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli XI
Year1909
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No140641
ArrivalAug 1909 Umfuli XI Madras
EmployerNatal Estates Ltd. Mt. Edgecombe Verulam Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

KAVARIYAMMAL

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 140642 | Father: VIRAPPA NAIDU | Sex: F | Caste: Ediga | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli XI
Year1909
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No140642
ArrivalAug 1909 Umfuli XI Madras
EmployerNatal Estates Ltd. Mt. Edgecombe Verulam Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

MUNIYAMMA

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 140643 | Father: KUPPA NAIDU | Sex: G | Caste: Ediga | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli XI
Year1909
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No140643
ArrivalAug 1909 Umfuli XI Madras
EmployerNatal Estates Ltd. Mt. Edgecombe Verulam Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

RAMA MANDRI

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 140644 | Father: MUTHAPPA MANDIR | Sex: M | Caste: Yadava | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli XI
Year1909
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No140644
ArrivalAug 1909 Umfuli XI Madras
EmployerNatal Estates Ltd. Mt. Edgecombe Verulam Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

THANJIYAMMA

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 140645 | Father: KISTA PILLAI | Sex: F | Caste: Yadava | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli XI
Year1909
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No140645
ArrivalAug 1909 Umfuli XI Madras
EmployerNatal Estates Ltd. Mt. Edgecombe Verulam Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

PERUMALSAMI

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 140646 | Father: RAMA MANDRI | Sex: B | Caste: Yadava | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli XI
Year1909
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No140646
ArrivalAug 1909 Umfuli XI Madras
EmployerNatal Estates Ltd. Mt. Edgecombe Verulam Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

VARADARAJALU MUDLY

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 140974 | Father: SUBRAYA MUDLY | Sex: M | Caste: Agambadia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmzinto XLVI
Year1909
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No140974
ArrivalOct 1909 Umzinto XLVI Madras
EmployerGlendale Estate (Nicholson & Godfre Glendale Stanger Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

THANABAGIEM

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 140975 | Father: MADURAI MUDLY | Sex: F | Caste: Agambadia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmzinto XLVI
Year1909
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No140975
ArrivalOct 1909 Umzinto XLVI Madras
EmployerGlendale Estate (Nicholson & Godfre Glendale Stanger Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

RENGASAMY

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 129218 | Father: PONNAPPA NAIK | Sex: M | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli VI
Year1907
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No129218
ArrivalJan 1907 Umfuli VI Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

DURASAWMY

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 129219 | Father: RENGASAMY | Sex: B | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli VI
Year1907
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No129219
ArrivalJan 1907 Umfuli VI Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

KHADARU

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 129857 | Father: ROOPAN | Sex: M | Caste: Ahir | District: GHAZIPORE

ShipUmzinto XLIII
Year1907
OriginGHAZIPORE
VillageMOSURDAWA
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No129857
ArrivalJan 1907 Umzinto XLIII Calcutta
EmployerDundee Coal Company Estates Dundee Coal

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

CHINNIEN

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 125783 | Father: ARJUNA MUDALY | Sex: M | Caste: Mudaly | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli IV
Year1906
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No125783
ArrivalSep 1906 Umfuli IV Madras
EmployerReunion Estates (D.De Pass) Reunion, Isipingo Durban Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

CHINNAMMA

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 125784 | Father: NARAYANASAMY MODLY | Sex: F | Caste: Mudaly | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli IV
Year1906
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No125784
ArrivalSep 1906 Umfuli IV Madras
EmployerReunion Estates (D.De Pass) Reunion, Isipingo Durban Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

RENGASAMY

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 125785 | Father: MUNIAPPA MUDALY | Sex: M | Caste: Mudaly | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli IV
Year1906
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No125785
ArrivalSep 1906 Umfuli IV Madras
EmployerReunion Estates (D.De Pass) Reunion, Isipingo Durban Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

AMARAPATHY

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 125786 | Father: SUBBANNA | Sex: F | Caste: Mudaly | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmfuli IV
Year1906
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No125786
ArrivalSep 1906 Umfuli IV Madras
EmployerReunion Estates (D.De Pass) Reunion, Isipingo Durban Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

VENKETRAMA REDDY

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 128722 | Father: DAVARAYA REDDY | Sex: M | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmkuzi XXV
Year1906
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No128722
ArrivalDec 1906 Umkuzi XXV Madras
EmployerSunderland, John William

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

SANJIVI

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 111280 | Father: MUTHAPA REDDY | Sex: M | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmlazi XXV
Year1905
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No111280
ArrivalFeb 1905 Umlazi XXV Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

MUTHAMMA

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 111281 | Father: MUNIAPPA REDDY | Sex: F | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmlazi XXV
Year1905
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No111281
ArrivalFeb 1905 Umlazi XXV Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

PONNAMMA

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 111282 | Father: SANJIVI | Sex: G | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmlazi XXV
Year1905
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No111282
ArrivalFeb 1905 Umlazi XXV Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

MUTHAN

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 111283 | Father: SANJIVI | Sex: B | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipUmlazi XXV
Year1905
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No111283
ArrivalFeb 1905 Umlazi XXV Madras
EmployerReynolds Brothers Umzinto Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceIII

Sanjivi

Father: Muthapa Reddy

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMLAZI XXV
Year1905
OriginVellore
VillageOsur
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No111280

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceIII

Muthamma

Father: Muniappa Reddy

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMLAZI XXV
Year1905
OriginVellore
VillageOsur
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No111281

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceGLDC

SITHAMMA, B

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 106316 | Father: C POLAMDHORA | Sex: F | Caste: Telega | District: VIZAGAPATAM

ShipUmkuzi XVI
Year1904
OriginVIZAGAPATAM
VillageMOSURU
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No106316
ArrivalAug 1904 Umkuzi XVI Madras
EmployerAddison, Friend Herwill & Gledhow Stanger Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceIII

Sithamma, B

Father: C Polamdhora

Listed in the III archive.

ShipUMKUZI XVI
Year1904
OriginVisakhapatnam
VillageDosuru
DestinationSouth Africa
Indenture No106316

Source: The Indentured Indians (theiii.in) — indenture ships' lists (South Africa, Fiji, Suriname) (opens in new tab) — Community indenture database — attribution

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From sourceGLDC

PONNY

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 94211 | Father: SUBBA GOUNDEN | Sex: F | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipPONGOLA XL
Year1902
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No94211
ArrivalAug 1902 PONGOLA XL Madras
EmployerNatal Estates Ltd. Mt. Edgecombe Verulam Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

MUNIAN

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 94212 | Father: MUNSAMI | Sex: B | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipPONGOLA XL
Year1902
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No94212
ArrivalAug 1902 PONGOLA XL Madras
EmployerNatal Estates Ltd. Mt. Edgecombe Verulam Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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From sourceGLDC

CHINNAPIAN

Listed in the GLDC archive.

Indenture No: 94213 | Father: MUNSAMI | Sex: B | Caste: Vannia | District: NORTH ARCOT

ShipPONGOLA XL
Year1902
OriginNORTH ARCOT
VillageMOSUR
DestinationSouth Africa (Natal)
Indenture No94213
ArrivalAug 1902 PONGOLA XL Madras
EmployerNatal Estates Ltd. Mt. Edgecombe Verulam Sugar

Source: Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships' List of Indentured Indians to Natal, 1860–1911 (opens in new tab) — Academic database — attribution required

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Or add a village, ship, or year filter to narrow further

Understanding Tamil Indenture Records (1834-1920)

What Are Tamil Indenture Records?

Tamil indenture records are historical documents from 1834-1920 that tracked Indian laborers who migrated to British, French, and Dutch colonies under contract (indenture) labor systems. After the abolition of slavery in 1833, colonial plantations needed workers — over 1.5 million Indians, including approximately 500,000 Tamils, migrated as indentured laborers to sugar estates, tea plantations, and infrastructure projects across the world.

These records include ship manifests, immigration passes, arrival registers, and employment contracts. They typically contain the migrant's name, father's name, age, caste, village of origin (often in Tamil Nadu), physical description, ship name, departure port, arrival date, and destination.

Major Destinations for Tamil Migrants

Mauritius (1834-1910)

241,000+ recordsvia III (Indentured Immigration Index)

Largest Tamil diaspora destination. Ships departed from Madras and Pondicherry every 2-3 weeks during peak migration (1860-1890). Voyage duration: 6-8 weeks.

Fiji (1879-1916)

12,000+ recordsvia Girmitiya Madras

Tamil migrants from Madras Presidency. "Girmitiya" (from English "agreement") refers to indentured laborers. Voyage: 8-10 weeks via Colombo.

South Africa – Natal (1860-1911)

152,000+ recordsvia GLDC (Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre)

Natal sugar estates. The Truro (1860) — the first indentured ship — departed from Madras. Voyage: 10-12 weeks via Cape of Good Hope.

United Kingdom — passenger lists (1890-1960)

6,000+ recordsvia TNA (The National Archives, Kew)

UK outward passenger lists (Board of Trade BT 26/27) — ships leaving British ports for India and the colonies. Catalogue-level: useful for provenance, not per-person names.

Suriname (1873-1916)

Archives in progress

Dutch Guiana plantations. Tamil migrants via British India. Ships departed Madras and Calcutta. Voyage: 8-10 weeks.

Origin Ports and Ship Routes

Madras (Chennai) — Primary Departure Port

The vast majority of Tamil migrants departed from Madras Harbor. Recruitment centers (depots) operated in Madras city where migrants underwent medical examination, received travel documents (immigration pass), and boarded ships. Common routes: Madras → Mauritius (6-8 weeks), Madras → Fiji (8-10 weeks via Colombo), Madras → Guyana/Trinidad (10-12 weeks via Cape of Good Hope).

Pondicherry (Puducherry) — French Territory

French colonial port serving migrants to French colonies (Reunion, Guadeloupe, Martinique) and some British destinations. Smaller volume than Madras but significant for southern Tamil Nadu districts (Tanjore, Tiruchirapalli).

Notable Ships in Tamil Indenture Migration

Hundreds of ships transported Tamil migrants between 1834-1920. Major vessels include:

Truro

Madras → Guyana (1860s), Natal

Sheila

Madras → Mauritius (1850s-70s)

Hesperus

Madras → Mauritius & Caribbean

Atlas

Madras → Fiji & Mauritius

British Empire

Madras → Natal, South Africa

Ganges

Multiple routes from Madras

Main

Madras → Trinidad (1870s-90s)

Syria

Madras → Mauritius & Réunion

Fath Al Salem

Early ship to Trinidad (1840s-50s)

Ship manifests list each passenger with detailed information, making them invaluable genealogical sources. Search by ship name above if you know your ancestor's vessel.

What Information Do Indenture Records Contain?

Typical fields in Tamil indenture records:

Full name of migrant

Often transliterated from Tamil

Father's name (patronymic)

Critical for Tamil identification

Age at departure

Usually 18-35 years old

Caste / community

E.g., Pariah, Vellala, Naidu

Village of origin

District and taluk when recorded

Physical description

Height, marks, complexion

Ship name

Vessel that transported them

Indenture/pass number

Unique identifier

Departure & arrival dates

Exact dates when recorded

Destination & estate

Colony and employer assignment

Family relationships

If migrating with spouse/children

Note: The level of detail varies by colonial archive, time period, and record type. Earlier records (1840s-1860s) tend to have less information than later ones (1880s-1920).

Document Digitisation

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Historical Context

Understand why your ancestor migrated — not just when

Explore 30+ key Tamil historical events from 1834 to present — indenture, famines, independence movements, and migration waves. See which events overlapped with your ancestor's lifetime.

Next steps

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